Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

267
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
267
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion

178
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
178
Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

8.9K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
8.9K
Mechanism of Conjugation01:19

Mechanism of Conjugation

307
Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
307
Complement System01:27

Complement System

4.8K
The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
4.8K
Special Staining Techniques01:13

Special Staining Techniques

705
Specialized staining techniques play a vital role in microbiology by enabling the visualization of specific bacterial structures that remain undetectable with standard microscopy methods. These techniques not only enhance the structural visualization of bacterial cells but also provide critical insights into their pathogenicity and classification. Additionally, they support diagnostic and research endeavors in microbiology by identifying key bacterial features.Capsule Staining for Virulence...
705

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Type VII-secreted toxin enables inter-mycobacterial competition.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> LXG-domain toxins EsxX and SAR0287 do not promote virulence in a zebrafish larval infection model.

Microbiology (Reading, England)·2025
Same author

Distinct immunity protein families mediate compartment-specific neutralization of a bacterial toxin.

Cell reports·2025
Same author

Distinct immunity protein families mediate compartment-specific neutralisation of a bacterial toxin.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Modularity of Zorya defense systems during phage inhibition.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

High-throughput functional analysis provides novel insight into type VII secretion in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.

Open biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
08:45

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

Published on: March 20, 2013

15.9K

The Type VII Secretion System of Staphylococcus.

Lisa Bowman1, Tracy Palmer1

  • 1Microbes in Health and Disease Theme, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom; email: lisa.bowman@newcastle.ac.uk, tracy.palmer@newcastle.ac.uk.

Annual Review of Microbiology
|August 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The type VII protein secretion system (T7SS) in Staphylococcus aureus uses EssC to transport proteins, influencing virulence and bacterial competition. Different T7SS variants are linked to distinct protein suites and host infections.

Keywords:
StaphylococcusT7SSbacterial antagonismprotein secretionvirulence

More Related Videos

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
07:10

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

9.1K
Quantifying the Cytotoxicity of Staphylococcus aureus Against Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
12:27

Quantifying the Cytotoxicity of Staphylococcus aureus Against Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Published on: January 3, 2020

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
08:45

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

Published on: March 20, 2013

15.9K
A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
07:10

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

9.1K
Quantifying the Cytotoxicity of Staphylococcus aureus Against Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
12:27

Quantifying the Cytotoxicity of Staphylococcus aureus Against Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Published on: January 3, 2020

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The type VII protein secretion system (T7SS) in *Staphylococcus aureus* is encoded by the *ess* locus.
  • EssC, a membrane-bound ATPase, mediates T7SS substrate recognition and protein transport.
  • Four distinct EssC sequence variants exist in *S. aureus* strains, each associated with specific substrate proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of *Staphylococcus aureus* T7SS in virulence and inter-bacterial competition.
  • To characterize the diversity of T7SS variants and their associated substrates.
  • To explore the conservation and function of T7SS across staphylococci.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic survey of staphylococci to identify T7SS and associated toxin/immunity genes.
  • Analysis of *ess* gene regulation during persistent infection.
  • Examination of T7SS contribution to virulence in disease models and intraspecies competition.

Main Results:

  • The *ess* genes are upregulated during persistent *S. aureus* infections.
  • T7SS contributes to virulence and mediates intraspecies competition through toxin secretion.
  • Genomic analysis reveals widespread conservation of T7SS across staphylococci, often with diverse toxin and immunity gene arrays.

Conclusions:

  • The *S. aureus* T7SS, particularly EssC variants, plays a significant role in pathogenesis and bacterial antagonism.
  • T7SS-mediated secretion of toxins and immunity proteins is crucial for inter-strain competition.
  • The conservation of T7SS across staphylococci suggests a fundamental role in their ecological interactions and virulence.