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EAACI guidelines: Anaphylaxis (2021 update)
Antonella Muraro1, Margitta Worm2, Cherry Alviani3
1Food Allergy Referral Centre Veneto Region, Department of Women and Child Health, Padua General University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
Allergy
|August 3, 2021
Summary
Updated anaphylaxis guidelines recommend prompt intramuscular adrenaline for emergency management and advocate for community access to autoinjectors. Training and clear school policies are crucial for improving patient outcomes in anaphylaxis emergencies.
Area of Science:
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Emergency Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction requiring immediate recognition and management by healthcare professionals.
- The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Anaphylaxis Task Force updated its 2014 guideline.
- Guideline development adhered to the AGREE II framework and GRADE approach, involving systematic evidence review and expert peer review.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide updated, evidence-based recommendations for the recognition and management of anaphylaxis.
- To emphasize the critical role of prompt treatment and preparedness in anaphylaxis emergencies.
- To highlight areas for improvement in clinical practice and future research.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing evidence.
- Development of recommendations based on weighing benefits and harms.
- Incorporation of expert consensus and external peer review.
Main Results:
- Clinical criteria for anaphylaxis identification are suggested, alongside blood tryptase measurement.
- Intramuscular adrenaline is recommended as the first-line treatment, with emphasis on community availability of autoinjectors.
- Structured training for at-risk individuals and simulation training for healthcare professionals are advised.
Conclusions:
- Updated guidelines stress prompt adrenaline administration and improved access to autoinjectors for anaphylaxis management.
- Enhanced training and clear policies in schools are recommended to improve anaphylaxis care.
- A significant need exists for high-quality clinical trials to advance the management of anaphylaxis.
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