[Interventional Radiology in Oncology - Update 2021]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Interventional Radiology
• Minimally Invasive Cancer Treatment

Background:

• Interventional radiology is vital in oncology, providing minimally invasive treatment options.
• Common procedures include transarterial embolization and percutaneous thermal ablation for various malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review established and emerging interventional radiology techniques in oncology.
• To highlight their applications, benefits, and target tumor types.

Main Methods:

• Review of transarterial embolization (TACE, SIRT) for hepatic malignancies.
• Overview of percutaneous thermal ablation (RFA, MWA, cryoablation) for tumors.
• Introduction to novel methods: high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and irreversible electroporation (IRE).

Main Results:

• Transarterial embolization is effective for palliative treatment of liver cancers, often under conscious sedation.
• Percutaneous thermal ablation offers curative local treatment for liver, renal, and pulmonary tumors.
• HIFU and IRE represent advanced, minimally invasive options for specific tumor types, including those near large vessels.

Conclusions:

• Interventional radiology provides diverse, effective, and minimally invasive treatment strategies in oncology.
• Technological advancements continue to expand the role and efficacy of these procedures.