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Dietrich August1, Veronika Götz1, Katarina Stete1

  • 1Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg.

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|August 3, 2021
PubMed
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Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae, involves persistent symptoms like fatigue and dyspnea after acute COVID-19. Management is interdisciplinary, focusing on rehabilitation and psychological support due to unknown pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Persistent symptoms following acute COVID-19, often termed Long COVID, are increasingly recognized.
  • A universal definition and established prevalence for these post-acute sequelae are still lacking.
  • Delayed recovery appears more common than after other acute infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current limited evidence on persisting symptoms after COVID-19.
  • To outline common complaints, identified risk factors, and current management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on post-acute COVID-19 symptoms.
  • Analysis of reported common complaints and risk factors.
  • Summary of diagnostic approaches and management recommendations.

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Main Results:

  • Common symptoms include fatigue with exercise intolerance, dyspnea, chest pain, and neuropsychiatric issues.
  • Risk factors identified: female sex, comorbidities, and acute disease severity, though not limited to severe cases.
  • Diagnostic evaluation emphasizes excluding objective organ dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Long COVID presents variably with largely unknown pathogenesis and prognosis.
  • Management requires an interdisciplinary approach, including physiotherapy, rehabilitation, and psychological support.
  • Further research is needed to establish definitions, prevalence, and long-term outcomes.