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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Gender Studies
  • Clinical Psychiatry

Background:

  • Gender diverse individuals often face societal challenges in acceptance and recognition.
  • Non-binary gender identities may be associated with unique psychological experiences compared to binary transgender identities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate psychological functioning in gender diverse adolescents and adults identifying beyond the binary gender spectrum.
  • To identify factors associated with psychological difficulties in non-binary individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 589 clinically-referred gender diverse adolescents (UK) and 632 clinically-referred gender diverse adults (Netherlands).
  • Data collected on psychological functioning, gender identity strength, age, and birth-assigned sex.

Main Results:

  • A stronger non-binary identity predicted higher psychological problems in both adolescents and adults.
  • For adolescents, non-binary identity and being assigned female at birth were linked to more psychological issues.
  • In adults, stronger non-binary identity and younger age correlated with psychological difficulties.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should recognize the diversity of gender identities beyond the binary transgender spectrum.
  • Non-binary individuals may be particularly vulnerable to psychological difficulties, necessitating specialized clinical awareness and support.