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Effectiveness of using tranexamic acid in total hip and total knee arthroplasty: Single tertiary center experience
Khalid Al Sheikh1, Ali AlHandi1, Abrar Bin Dohaim1
1From the College of Medicine (Al Sheikh) Assistant Professor, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, (Al Sheikh, AlHandi, Ateeq, AlAqeely) King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs; from the College of Medicine (Bin Dohaim), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabiaand from King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.
Objectives:
To measure the effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TXA); in total joint arthroplastyin terms of reducing post-operative blood loss.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study in which patients who had underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) and TKA between 2010-2018 in a single tertiary center. Those had received TXA (group 1) and those who had received no-TXA (group 2) were evaluated. Unpaired student's t-test was used to compare TXA and no-TXA groups for continuous variables and Chi-square test was used for categorical variables. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant.
Results:
A total of 385 patients were included, 180 patients received TXA, and 205 patients received no-TXA. Post-operative blood loss was significantly less in TXA group (13.41±9.51, p<0.001). Total drainage output was significantly lower in TXA group compared to no-TXA (373.98±246.12 vs. 487.11±307.13 mL, p<0.001). Blood transfusion units were significantly less in TXA group than in the control group (20 units; 11.1% vs. 50 units; 24.4%, p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Tranexamic acid use in TKA and THA is effective in reducing post-operative blood loss in terms of drop in Hg level, total drainage output and blood transfusion rate.
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