Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

83
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
83
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

219
Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased...
219
Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

Pneumonia IV: Management

521
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
521
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

534
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
534
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

144
Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
144
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

100
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
100

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Study of the Outcome of Critically Ill Elderly Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital Using SOFA Score.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2021
Same journal

Electroencephalography and Bispectral Index Reactivity to Predict Outcome in Unconscious Patients with Acute Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Observational Study.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2026
Same journal

NETosis Markers, Such as Citrullinated Histones, Myeloperoxidase, and Elastase, should not be Recommended as Predictors of COVID-19 Severity.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2026
Same journal

Author Response: NETosis Markers such as Citrullinated Histones Myeloperoxidase and Elastase should not be Recommended as Predictors of COVID-19 Severity.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2026
Same journal

Artificial Intelligence Literacy in Intensive Care: From Algorithmic Fluency to Clinical Accountability.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2026
Same journal

Efficacy of Noninvasive Ventilation Compared with Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2026
Same journal

Network Meta-analysis of the Efficacy of Different Music Therapy Interventions for Delirium in Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats
05:56

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats

Published on: February 20, 2021

2.3K

Leptospirosis in Intensive Care Unit.

Niteen D Karnik1, Aditi S Patankar1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
|August 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leptospirosis, a tropical infection, causes severe illness in intensive care units (ICUs). Early diagnosis and optimized intensive care, including antibiotics and supportive treatments, are crucial for reducing mortality from this multi-organ affecting disease.

Keywords:
Critical careLeptospirosisSpiRO scoreTHAI LEPTO scoreTopical infections

More Related Videos

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

10.2K
Author Spotlight: Leptospira DNA Detection in Water for Environmental Analysis and Disease Surveillance
06:05

Author Spotlight: Leptospira DNA Detection in Water for Environmental Analysis and Disease Surveillance

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 25, 2025

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats
05:56

A Reproducible Intensive Care Unit-Oriented Endotoxin Model in Rats

Published on: February 20, 2021

2.3K
Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

10.2K
Author Spotlight: Leptospira DNA Detection in Water for Environmental Analysis and Disease Surveillance
06:05

Author Spotlight: Leptospira DNA Detection in Water for Environmental Analysis and Disease Surveillance

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Tropical infections are a significant cause of ICU admissions in developing nations.
  • Leptospirosis presents as a spectrum, ranging from mild febrile illness to severe multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
  • Severe manifestations include acute kidney injury (AKI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical spectrum, diagnosis, and management of leptospirosis in the intensive care unit (ICU).
  • To identify prognostic markers and risk stratification tools for severe leptospirosis.
  • To outline optimal intensive care strategies for reducing mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic methods (antibody testing, PCR), and prognostic indicators.
  • Discussion of multi-organ involvement requiring comprehensive hematological, biochemical, and imaging workup.
  • Summary of antimicrobial therapies and intensive care interventions.

Main Results:

  • Poor prognostic markers include hemorrhagic ARDS, acute renal failure, DIC, metabolic acidosis, older age, alcohol abuse, high SOFA score, and septic shock.
  • Confirmatory diagnosis relies on antibody tests (MAT, IgM ELISA) or PCR for antibody-negative cases.
  • Reported mortality rates for leptospirosis in ICUs range from 6% to 44%.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management involves prompt diagnosis, appropriate antimicrobial therapy (benzylpenicillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, doxycycline), and supportive ICU care.
  • Lung protection ventilation, fluid management, and timely renal replacement therapy (RRT) are vital.
  • Utilizing ICU scores (SPiRO, THAI LEPTO, Faine's criteria) aids in risk stratification and optimizing patient outcomes.