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Updated: Sep 18, 2026

A Novel Rescue Technique for Difficult Intubation and Difficult Ventilation
Published on: January 17, 2011
Retrograde intubation. Management of a 4.8-kg, 5-month infant
1Sheffield Children's Hospital.
Insights
This case study details plastic surgery for an infant with Goldenhar syndrome. Retrograde intubation was needed initially, but conventional methods succeeded later, highlighting successful infant airway management techniques.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Plastic Surgery
- Anesthesiology
- Craniofacial Abnormalities
Background:
- Goldenhar syndrome presents complex craniofacial anomalies impacting airway management.
- Two-stage surgical correction was planned for this infant patient.
Observation:
- The infant required retrograde tracheal intubation during the first surgical stage at 5 months old.
- Conventional tracheal intubation became feasible during the second surgical stage at 10 months old.
Findings:
- Successful airway management was achieved through a two-stage surgical approach.
- Refinements in retrograde intubation techniques are crucial for challenging infant airways.
Implications:
- This case demonstrates the adaptability of airway management strategies in pediatric plastic surgery.
- Improved techniques for retrograde intubation can enhance outcomes for infants with craniofacial syndromes.
Abstract:
An infant with Goldenhar's syndrome is presented in whom two-stage plastic surgery was undertaken. The first operation, at the age of 5 months, necessitated a retrograde technique for tracheal intubation while in the second, at 10 months of age, conventional intubation was possible. The discussion highlights those refinements that promote a successful outcome when retrograde intubation is indicated, particularly in infants.
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