Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

119.3K
As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
119.3K
Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

478
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
478
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

3.3K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
3.3K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:22

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

1.6K
COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
1.6K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

2.7K
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
2.7K
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

415
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
415

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Colorectal Cancer Screening Beyond Primary Care: A Community-Based FIT Distribution Model Serving a Safety-Net Hospital Population.

Cancer medicine·2026
Same author

Efficacy signals in a 12-week trial of clavulanic acid to decrease cocaine use.

Drug and alcohol dependence·2026
Same author

Possible Diagnostic Error in Cervical Artery Dissection: Analysis of STOP-CAD Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Resident Comfort Managing Menstrual Suppression in Gender Diverse Adolescents Across Family Medicine, Pediatrics, and Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialties: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology·2026
Same author

Incidence, factors, and resultant management associated with small bowel diverticular perforation: A retrospective review.

American journal of surgery·2026
Same author

Clavulanic Acid Attenuated Cocaine Craving in Individuals with Cocaine Use Disorder.

Psychopharmacology bulletin·2026
Same journal

An open-label Phase 2a study of fasudil in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: safety and exploratory endpoints.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
Same journal

Noninvasive assessment of cardiovascular autonomic reflexes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
Same journal

The connection between unproven stem cell-based interventions and complementary and alternative medicine in crowdfunding for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
Same journal

Thinning of the oral motor cortex is linked to impaired speech in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
Same journal

Brain activity in an end-stage ALS patient suggests the presence of an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
Same journal

Whole-body muscle MRI improves diagnostic certainty in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
12:43

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

Published on: February 21, 2011

35.2K

Pulmonary function decline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Terry D Heiman-Patterson1, Ossama Khazaal2, Daohai Yu3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis & Frontotemporal Degeneration
|August 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) declines fastest in ALS patients, indicating early expiratory muscle weakness. Inspiratory pressure (MIP) criteria for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) are met sooner than FVC criteria.

Keywords:
Pulmonary functionamyotrophic lateral sclerosisnoninvasive ventilation

More Related Videos

Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
08:16

Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Published on: March 4, 2014

32.6K
Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease
09:24

Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease

Published on: April 17, 2017

13.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 25, 2025

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
12:43

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

Published on: February 21, 2011

35.2K
Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
08:16

Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Published on: March 4, 2014

32.6K
Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease
09:24

Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease

Published on: April 17, 2017

13.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • No comprehensive longitudinal studies exist on pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).
  • Identifying the most sensitive PFT measure for respiratory muscle strength decline is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the longitudinal decline of PFTs in ALS patients.
  • To determine which PFT measure first meets Medicare criteria for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) initiation.

Main Methods:

  • Serial PFTs including maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), nasal sniff pressure (SNIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) were conducted over 12 months.
  • Rate of decline was determined by the median slope of decrease over time.
  • Medicare NIV criteria: %FVC ≤ 50% predicted or MIP ≤ 60 cmH2O.

Main Results:

  • Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and sitting Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) showed the steepest decline rates.
  • Of 70 subjects analyzed for NIV criteria, 69 met MIP criteria first, and none met FVC criteria first.
  • 11 subjects met both MIP and FVC criteria simultaneously.

Conclusions:

  • Expiratory muscle strength declines earliest and fastest in ALS, suggesting early initiation of airway clearance interventions.
  • Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) criteria for NIV initiation are met before FVC criteria.
  • Pressure-based PFT measurements are vital for timing NIV and pulmonary clearance interventions.