Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria01:30

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria

131
Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...
131
Physiological Foundation of Stress01:24

Physiological Foundation of Stress

226
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
226
Stress Response System01:21

Stress Response System

365
The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
365
Psychological Responses to Stress01:20

Psychological Responses to Stress

273
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
273
Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

428
Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
428
Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

383
The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress...
383

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Microbial succession and spoilage dynamics revealed by multi-omics in Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) during ice storage.

Food microbiology·2026
Same author

Genomic and virulence characterization of OXA-48-producing <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> causing urinary tract infections and their susceptibility to lytic bacteriophages.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026
Same author

Nonapeptide molecular evolution during the adaptive radiation of Tanganyika cichlids.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same author

Ecological dynamics of the Atlantic salmon gut microbiota across developmental phases and geographic regions.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Balancing Dietary Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> and Phosphorus Improved Growth, Mineralization, and Fecal Characteristics of Atlantic Salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) Post-Smolts in Land-Based Aquaculture.

Aquaculture nutrition·2025
Same author

Evolutionarily conserved role of oxytocin in zebrafish social reward encoding.

Biology letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Behavioral Approaches to Studying Innate Stress in Zebrafish
05:29

Behavioral Approaches to Studying Innate Stress in Zebrafish

Published on: May 1, 2019

9.3K

Stressor controllability modulates the stress response in fish.

Marco Cerqueira1,2, Sandie Millot3, Tomé Silva4

  • 1Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade Do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.

BMC Neuroscience
|August 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Psychological stress modulation is conserved across vertebrates. In European seabass, perceived control over stressors reduced stress responses, indicating deep evolutionary origins of these mechanisms.

Keywords:
ControllabilityCortisolDorsolateral palliumFish welfareImmediate early genesStress

More Related Videos

Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats
03:48

Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats

Published on: December 6, 2024

2.2K
Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm
07:26

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Behavioral Approaches to Studying Innate Stress in Zebrafish
05:29

Behavioral Approaches to Studying Innate Stress in Zebrafish

Published on: May 1, 2019

9.3K
Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats
03:48

Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats

Published on: December 6, 2024

2.2K
Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm
07:26

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ethology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Psychological factors, such as predictability and control, significantly modulate the stress response in humans and mammals.
  • The presence of psychological stress modulation in fish, a divergent vertebrate lineage, has remained unestablished.
  • The absence of a cortex in fish has been used to argue against psychological stress in these animals, impacting welfare assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence of psychological stress in fish.
  • To assess how stressor controllability influences the stress response in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax).

Main Methods:

  • European seabass were exposed to controllable or uncontrollable stressors.
  • The impact of losing control (transitioning from controllable to uncontrollable) was evaluated.
  • Behavioral and circulating cortisol levels were measured to assess stress responses.
  • Brain activity in specific homologous regions (Dld, Dlv, Vv) was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Perceived control significantly reduced the stress response compared to uncontrollable situations.
  • Losing control had the most severe detrimental effect on the fish.
  • Brain activity in Dld and Dlv homologues correlated with uncontrolled and loss of control stressors, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological modulation of the stress response appears to be evolutionarily conserved across vertebrates.
  • These mechanisms are implemented by different brain circuits in fish (Dld-Dlv) compared to mammals (prefrontal cortex).
  • Findings support the existence of psychological stress in fish, with implications for their sentience and welfare.