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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

87
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
88

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Aortic prosthetic size predictor in aortic valve replacement.

Anh Tuan Vo1, Tomomi Nakajima2, Trang Thi Thu Nguyen1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
|August 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) is vital. Preoperative CT scans reliably predict aortic prosthesis size, aiding in managing PPM risk.

Keywords:
Computed tomographyPatient-prothesis mismatchProsthetic size predictorTransthoracic echocardiography

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) is a significant complication following aortic valve replacement (AVR), associated with increased perioperative morbidity and rehospitalization.
  • Accurate prediction of aortic annulus diameter before AVR is critical for mitigating the risk of PPM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare preoperative aortic annulus measurements obtained via echocardiography and CT scan with intraoperative sizing.
  • To develop an imaging-based algorithm for predicting PPM in AVR patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 144 patients undergoing AVR between January 2017 and December 2020.
  • Assessment of the correlation between imaging measurements (echocardiography, CT scan) and surgical prosthesis size using scatter plots and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
  • Development of a predictive model using univariable linear regression based on CT scan measurements.

Main Results:

  • CT scan measurements demonstrated strong correlations with actual prosthesis size (mean diameter R=0.79, perimeter-derived R=0.76, area-derived R=0.75).
  • Suture types and surgical approaches did not significantly impact prosthesis size.
  • Developed predictive models based on CT scan data for various annulus measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative CT scan measurements are a reliable method for predicting aortic prosthesis size in AVR.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography can be an alternative but is performer-dependent and may not fully capture aortic annulus dimensions.
  • Combining CT and echocardiography can quantitatively predict PPM preoperatively.