Anti-oral Cancer Biological Activity Evaluation and Chloroplast Genome Analyses of Populus euphratica

In this research, the anti-cancer activity of the Populus euphratica extract was evaluated with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The inhibitory activity of the Populus euphratica extract on the activation levels of VEGF signaling pathway in the cancer cells was measured with real time RT-PCR. Next, the high-throughput Illumina pair-end sequencing was performed to detect the chloroplast (cp) genome of Populus euphratica for genome evolution assessment. The CCK-8 results indicated that the extract of Populus euphratica exhibited the significantly suppression effect on the viability of the cancer cells, and the data of the real time RT-PCR showed the activation levels of VEGF signaling pathway in the cancer cells was also reduced obviously by the Populus euphratica extract. The circular cp genome of the Populus euphratica is 157,806 bp, encoding 131 genes, containing 8 Ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 37 Transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and 86 Protein coding genes (PCGs). And the results of the phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Populus euphratica. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that Populus euphratica has the closest relationship with Populus pruinosa. In addition to Populus pruinosa, Populus ilicifolia also has closely relationship with Populus euphratica. These three species could be clustered on the same clade.