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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

An Operant Intra-/Extra-dimensional Set-shift Task for Mice
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Automatic Intra-/Extra-Dimensional Attentional Set-Shifting Task in Adolescent Mice.

Mariasole Ciampoli1, Diego Scheggia1,2, Francesco Papaleo1,3

  • 1Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Neuroscience Area, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|August 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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Adolescent mice showed cognitive deficits in a challenging attentional set-shifting task, requiring more time and effort. This automated task can detect early executive function impairments in young mice.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Adolescence is critical for cognitive development, with executive function deficits predicting later mental health issues.
  • Executive functions, including attentional control, are vital for adaptive behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate an automated attentional set-shifting task for assessing adolescent cognitive function.
  • To investigate executive function maturation and identify early cognitive deficits in adolescent mice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a fully automated attentional set-shifting task, analogous to human Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Intra-/Extra-Dimensional set-shift (ID/ED) tasks.
  • Tested adolescent mice, comparing their performance to adult mice.
  • Assessed task completion time, failure rates, and effort during the extradimensional shift (EDS) stage.
Keywords:
attentional controlattentional set-shiftingautomated taskdevelopmentdysbindin-1executive functionmice

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Last Updated: Oct 25, 2025

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The Attentional Set Shifting Task: A Measure of Cognitive Flexibility in Mice
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Main Results:

  • Adolescent mice required significantly more time (approximately 16 days) to complete the task compared to adults.
  • A higher percentage of adolescent mice failed to complete the entire task.
  • Adolescent mice demonstrated increased effort during the extradimensional shift (EDS) stage, indicating engagement with the challenging cognitive demands.

Conclusions:

  • The automated task effectively assesses attentional control and executive functions in adolescent mice.
  • This paradigm can detect early cognitive dysfunctions in adolescent genetically modified mice.
  • The study highlights the utility of this automated tool for understanding executive function development from adolescence to adulthood.