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Halogens03:01

Halogens

21.5K
Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group. 
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

127.9K
Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

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Halogen bonding in polymer science: towards new smart materials.

Robin Kampes1,2, Stefan Zechel1,2, Martin D Hager1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany ulrich.schubert@uni-jena.de.

Chemical Science
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Summary

Halogen bonding, a powerful supramolecular tool, is underrepresented in polymer science despite advantages over hydrogen bonds. This perspective highlights its potential in designing advanced polymeric materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Halogen bonding is a significant non-covalent interaction with untapped potential in polymer design.
  • Hydrogen bonding currently dominates supramolecular interactions in polymer materials.
  • Halogen bonding offers distinct advantages over hydrogen bonding for material development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a perspective on the current state and future potential of halogen bonding in polymer science.
  • To highlight recent advancements in halogen bonding-containing polymers.
  • To underscore the opportunities for halogen bonding in designing novel polymeric materials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research trends.
  • Analysis of the advantages of halogen bonding over hydrogen bonding.
  • Discussion of applications in polymer self-assembly, photo-responsive, and self-healing materials.

Main Results:

  • Halogen bonding is a versatile interaction for creating advanced polymer architectures.
  • Current research demonstrates applications in self-assembly, photo-responsive, and self-healing polymeric materials.
  • The field of halogen bonding in polymers is rapidly emerging with significant growth potential.

Conclusions:

  • Halogen bonding presents a promising alternative to hydrogen bonding for designing functional polymeric materials.
  • Further exploration of halogen bonding in polymer science is expected to yield innovative materials.
  • This research area holds substantial promise for future advancements in supramolecular polymer chemistry.