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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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In vivo Imaging of Biological Tissues with Combined Two-Photon Fluorescence and Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
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In-plane simultaneous multisegment imaging using a 2D RF pulse.

Kaibao Sun1, Zheng Zhong1,2, Zhongbiao Xu3

  • 1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|August 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new in-plane simultaneous multisegment (IP-SMS) imaging technique uses a 2D-RF pulse for faster, high-resolution EPI scans. This method reduces distortion and achieves full-brain coverage efficiently.

Keywords:
2D RF pulseDWIparallel imagingreduced FOVsimultaneous multisegment imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Pulse Sequence Development
  • Image Reconstruction

Background:

  • Echo-Planar Imaging (EPI) is crucial for fast MRI but suffers from spatial distortion and limited resolution.
  • Simultaneous Multi-Slice (SMS) techniques accelerate imaging but can introduce artifacts and complexity.
  • Reducing field-of-view (FOV) can improve resolution and reduce distortion, but limits coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an in-plane simultaneous multisegment (IP-SMS) imaging technique.
  • To leverage a 2D-Radiofrequency (RF) pulse for simultaneous excitation of multiple image segments.
  • To demonstrate improved spatial resolution and reduced distortion in Echo-Planar Imaging (EPI).

Main Methods:

  • Developed an IP-SMS technique using a 2D-RF pulse to excite multiple slice segments within a reduced FOV.
  • Employed a joint Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisition (GRAPPA) reconstruction with virtual coils.
  • Integrated the IP-SMS technique into a diffusion-weighted single-shot EPI sequence.
  • Utilized complementary RF pulse profiles for full FOV coverage with two excitations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved four-fold acceleration in phantom experiments with an eight-channel coil, free of aliasing artifacts.
  • Acquired diffusion-weighted images of the human brain with high in-plane resolution (1x1 mm²) and significantly reduced distortion.
  • Demonstrated contiguous whole-brain coverage capability with the IP-SMS technique.
  • Obtained high-quality images comparable to commercial EPI sequences but with superior resolution and less distortion.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed IP-SMS technique effectively combines reduced-FOV benefits with full-FOV coverage.
  • Achieved high image quality and improved time efficiency in MRI scans.
  • IP-SMS offers a promising approach for accelerated, high-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging.