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Epidemiological and co-infection characteristics of common human coronaviruses in Shanghai, 2015-2020: a

Dechuan Kong1, Yaxu Zheng1,2, Linjie Hu2

  • 1Department of Acute Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Emerging Microbes & Infections
|August 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Common human coronaviruses (HCoVs) show low prevalence in influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases. HCoV infections may occur outside typical respiratory pathogen seasons and co-infect with other viruses.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory viral infections
  • Epidemiology of coronaviruses
  • Public health challenges

Background:

  • The global impact of COVID-19 highlights the need to understand other human coronaviruses (HCoVs).
  • Epidemiological data on common HCoVs in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) are limited.
  • This study investigates the prevalence and co-infection patterns of common HCoVs in Shanghai, China.

Observation:

  • A multicentre retrospective study analyzed 4541 patients with ILI or SARI from 2015-2020.
  • Multi-real-time PCR was used to detect 22 respiratory pathogens.
  • 3.59% of patients tested positive for common HCoVs.

Findings:

  • HCoV infections were more prevalent during non-endemic seasons for other respiratory pathogens (OR: 2.33).
  • HCoV-OC43 was the most frequently detected type (41.72%).
  • The co-infection rate among HCoV-positive cases was 31.29%, with HCoV-229E most commonly involved in co-infections.

Implications:

  • Common HCoVs have a low prevalence but distinct seasonal patterns compared to other respiratory viruses.
  • HCoVs frequently co-infect with other respiratory pathogens like parainfluenza virus and influenza A.
  • Further research is needed to understand the role of HCoV co-infections in ILI and SARI pathogenesis.

Keywords:
HCoV-229EHCoV-OC43Human coronavirusSARS-COV-2co-infectionrespiratory pathogen

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