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Pregnancy Outcomes in Wilson's Disease Women: Single-Center Case Series
Marcela Chagas Lima Mussi1, Mateus Jorge Nardelli1, Bruno Campos Santos1
1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Objectives:
To evaluate and compare pregnancy outcomes in women with Wilson's disease (WD) undergoing different therapies during pregnancy.
Material And Methods:
Retrospective review of medication in WD patients during pregnancy and the outcomes.
Results:
Of 26 pregnancies, zinc was used in 14 (53.8%), D-penicillamine in 4 (15.4%) patients, and 8 (30.8%) were untreated. Spontaneous abortion was observed in 8 (30.8%) pregnancies - untreated patients (4/8 pregnancies), zinc (2/14 pregnancies) and D-penicillamine (2/4 pregnancies) -, healthy outcome in 12 (46.1%) and birth defects in 6 (23.1%). All cases of birth defects occurred in patients using zinc therapy (6/14 pregnancies).
Conclusions:
A remarkably high frequency of fetal complications shed lights on the potentially harmful effect of WD drugs during childbearing age. Zinc's safety profile may have to be better evaluated during pregnancy, as all of birth defects occurred with zinc therapy.
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