Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 25, 2025
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Antibacterial Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: September 27, 2024
Multirresistencia, resistencia extendida y panresistencia a antibacterianos en el norte de México
Luis A Camacho-Silvas1,2, Jorge H Portillo-Gallo2,3, Antonio E Rivera-Cisneros4
1Laboratorio de Farmacoepidemiología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. México.
Objetivo:
Describir el perfil de multirresistencia (MDR), resistencia extendida (XDR) y panresistencia (PDR) a antibacterianos en aislados de muestras de pacientes de un hospital privado de tercer nivel en el norte de México.
MéTodo:
Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo durante el periodo comprendido de febrero de 2016 a abril de 2019. A partir de 156 muestras clínicas de orina, heridas, sangre, expectoración y otros fluidos se aislaron 166 bacterias; 10 de las muestras incluyeron dos microorganismos. Los microrganismos aislados se clasificaron en MDR, XDR o PDR.
Resultados:
El 78% de los aislados gramnegativos y el 69% de los aislados grampositivos mostraron MDR, XDR o PDR. Staphylococcus epidermidis fue la bacteria grampositiva con multirresistencia más frecuentemente aislada. Escherichia coli y Klebsiella sp. se encontraron entre los gramnegativos MDR más frecuentes. En dos casos, los aislados clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa procedentes de la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales mostraron PDR.
ConclusióN:
Los servicios de terapia intensiva, cirugía y unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales merecen especial atención por la alta proporción de aislados MDR y la presencia de PDR a causa de P. aeruginosa.
Objective:
To describe the profile of multidrug-resistance (MDR), extensively resistance (XDR) and pandrug-resistance (PDR) to antibacterial drugs in isolates from patient samples from a third level private hospital in the North of Mexico.
Method:
A retrospective study was carried out during the period from February 2016 to April 2019. From 156 clinical samples of urine, wounds, blood, expectoration and other fluids, 166 bacteria were isolated; 10 samples included two microorganisms. Isolated microorganisms were classified into MDR, XDR or PDR.
Results:
78% of the Gram negative and 69% of the Gram positive isolates showed MDR, XDR or PDR. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated MDR Gram positive bacteria. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. were among the most frequent MDR Gram negative. In two cases, the clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the neonatal intensive care unit showed PDR.
Conclusions:
The intensive care, surgery and neonatal intensive care unit services deserve special attention due to the high proportion of MDR isolates and the presence of PDR due to P. aeruginosa.
Insights
High rates of antimicrobial resistance, including multidrug-resistance (MDR), extensively drug-resistance (XDR), and pandrug-resistance (PDR), were observed in a Mexican hospital. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the neonatal intensive care unit showed PDR, highlighting critical areas for attention.
Area of Science:
- Clinical microbiology
- Infectious diseases
- Antimicrobial stewardship
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat.
- Understanding resistance profiles in specific healthcare settings is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
- Mexican hospitals face challenges in managing drug-resistant bacterial infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the prevalence of multidrug-resistance (MDR), extensively drug-resistance (XDR), and pandrug-resistance (PDR) among bacterial isolates.
- To identify common resistant bacterial species in a tertiary private hospital in Northern Mexico.
- To pinpoint healthcare units with a high burden of resistant isolates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of clinical samples (urine, wounds, blood, etc.) from February 2016 to April 2019.
- Isolation and identification of 166 bacterial strains from 156 patient samples.
- Classification of isolates into MDR, XDR, or PDR categories based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
Main Results:
- A high proportion of isolates exhibited resistance: 78% of Gram-negative and 69% of Gram-positive bacteria were MDR, XDR, or PDR.
- Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common MDR Gram-positive isolate.
- Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. were frequent MDR Gram-negative isolates, with PDR observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the neonatal intensive care unit.
Conclusions:
- Intensive care units, surgery, and neonatal intensive care units require focused attention due to high MDR rates.
- The presence of PDR strains, particularly P. aeruginosa, underscores the urgent need for enhanced infection control measures.
- Findings highlight the critical challenge of antimicrobial resistance in this Mexican healthcare setting.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Development of Antibiotic Resistance
01:28Antimicrobial Effectiveness
01:18Other Unique Bacteria
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
00:57Antibiotic Selection