A systematic review and meta-analysis: pulmonary mycosis pathogen distribution

Area of Science:

• Medical Mycology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Pulmonary mycosis poses a significant threat to patient health.
• Understanding the distribution and risk factors of pulmonary mycosis pathogens is crucial for effective clinical management.
• This study addresses the need for systematic evaluation of these factors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically evaluate the distribution characteristics of pulmonary mycosis pathogens.
• To identify high-risk factors associated with pulmonary mycosis.
• To provide evidence for optimizing clinical treatment and prognosis for patients.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Embase, Ovid, PubMed, Medline, and Springer databases.
• Publications were included if published up to April 1, 2021.
• Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook 5.0.2, and meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.

Main Results:

• Eleven studies with 6,415 subjects were included.
• Pathogen infection significantly increased patient mortality (MD = 2.67, P=0.0006).
• Patient age, antibiotic use (MD = 1.41, P=0.001), and glucocorticoid use (MD = 1.81, P=0.01) were significantly correlated with pulmonary mycosis incidence. Gender and smoking history showed no significant correlation.

Conclusions:

• Key pathogens include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Helicobacter pylori.
• Pathogens were found in the lungs, intestines, urinary tract, and digestive tract.
• Age, antibiotic, and glucocorticoid use are critical factors influencing pulmonary mycosis incidence and require clinical attention.