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Interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity abnormalities in type 2 diabetes patients.

Yanwei Zhang1, Jian Wang2, Ping Wei3

  • 1Department of Radiology, The 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, China.

Annals of Palliative Medicine
|August 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients show impaired brain connectivity, particularly in the middle temporal gyrus, linked to cognitive decline. Increased connectivity in other brain areas may represent compensatory mechanisms.

Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)cognitive impairmentinterhemisphericmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with brain functional connection changes, but interhemispheric integration remains understudied.
  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has revealed alterations in brain networks in T2DM patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in interhemispheric functional coordination using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) between T2DM patients and normal controls (NC).
  • To determine if VMHC alterations correlate with cognitive dysfunction in T2DM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-nine T2DM patients and 69 NC subjects underwent cognitive assessments and rs-fMRI.
  • Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) analysis was performed on rs-fMRI data.
  • Partial correlation analysis examined the relationship between VMHC values and neuropsychological test scores, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

  • T2DM patients exhibited significantly lower VMHC in regions including the medial orbitofrontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobe, superior and middle temporal gyrus (MTG), and occipital gyri compared to NCs.
  • A positive correlation was found between MoCA scores and MTG VMHC in T2DM patients.
  • T2DM patients showed higher VMHC in the cerebellum posterior lobe, tonsil, and inferior temporal gyrus.

Conclusions:

  • T2DM is associated with impaired functional coordination between homotopic brain regions.
  • MTG impairment, indicated by decreased VMHC within the default mode network, may be a key factor in T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction.
  • Increased VMHC in the cerebellum and inferior temporal gyrus might suggest compensatory functional mechanisms in T2DM.