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Understanding the Decision-Making Process Between Presenteeism and Absenteeism.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Research shows expectancy theory explains why employees work while sick (sickness presenteeism) or take absence due to illness (sickness absenteeism). Experimental data confirmed predictions, aiding in understanding and managing workplace attendance behaviors.

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absenteeismattendance behaviordecision-making processexpectancy theoryexperimental vignette studymotivationsickness presenteeism

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Occupational Health
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Sickness presenteeism and absenteeism are significant global workplace phenomena impacting various stakeholders.
  • Existing research primarily identifies factors influencing attendance behaviors, with limited theoretical explanations for the individual decision-making process.
  • Empirical verification of theoretical models explaining the decision to work while ill is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically explain the decision-making process behind sickness presenteeism and absenteeism using expectancy theory.
  • To empirically test the predictions derived from the expectancy theory model.
  • To enhance the theoretical understanding of attendance behavior in organizations.

Main Methods:

  • Application of expectancy theory to model the decision-making process for working while ill.
  • Experimental vignette methodology employed within an online survey.
  • Inclusion of working adults as participants to test model predictions.

Main Results:

  • The study confirmed hypotheses derived from expectancy theory.
  • Calculated decisions significantly matched intentionally chosen decisions in the empirical test.
  • The theoretical model successfully predicted individual attendance behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Expectancy theory provides a robust framework for understanding the decision to work despite illness.
  • Empirical findings support the theoretical model, offering insights into sickness presenteeism and absenteeism.
  • Results offer a foundation for developing targeted interventions to manage employee attendance behaviors.