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Comorbidities Associated with One-Year Mortality in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure

Ruxandra Nicoleta Horodinschi1,2, Camelia Cristina Diaconu1,2

  • 1Department 5, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) have varying one-year mortality risks. Factors like kidney disease, coronary artery disease, diabetes, and hypertension influence survival differently based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexist, leading to poorer patient prognoses.
  • Understanding mortality predictors in HF and AF patients is crucial for improved clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with one-year mortality in patients diagnosed with both HF and AF.
  • To analyze these factors based on the patients' left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) categories.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 727 patients with coexisting HF and AF were analyzed.
  • Patients were stratified into three groups based on LVEF: reduced (HFrEF), mid-range (HFmrEF), and preserved (HFpEF).
  • One-year mortality was assessed, and associated risk factors were identified using logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • One-year mortality rates were 36.49% for HFrEF, 27.67% for HFmrEF, and 27.69% for HFpEF.
  • In HFrEF patients, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, and diabetes significantly increased mortality risk.
  • Hypertension was identified as a significant mortality predictor in HFpEF patients.

Conclusions:

  • The factors influencing one-year mortality in patients with both HF and AF are dependent on the LVEF.
  • Distinct comorbidities pose risks across different HF phenotypes, necessitating tailored treatment strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationheart failureleft ventricular ejection fractionmortality

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