Immune-microbiome interplay and its implications in neurodegenerative disorders
Ankit Uniyal1, Vineeta Tiwari1, Mousmi Rani1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
Metabolic Brain Disease
|August 6, 2021
Summary
Changes in gut microbiota significantly impact neurodegenerative disorders. Modulating gut microbes may offer future therapeutic strategies for these conditions, addressing the global mental health burden.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Neurodegenerative disorders and central nervous system (CNS) pathologies require new therapeutic tools.
- The neuroimmune system is crucial for brain development and neuronal survival.
- Chronic immune system dysregulation accelerates neurodegeneration, increasing disease burden.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the link between gut microbiota and neurodegeneration.
- To explore the gut-brain axis in the context of neurological diseases.
- To identify gut microbiota as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of clinical and preclinical studies from the past decade.
- Analysis of the communication pathways between gut microbiota and the CNS.
- Examination of immune system modulation via the gut-brain axis.
Main Results:
- Significant alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with increased susceptibility to neurodegeneration.
- The gut microbiota influences immune responses that can promote neurodegenerative processes.
- The gut-brain axis plays a critical role in synchronizing immune cell activity.
Conclusions:
- Gut microbiota composition is a key factor in neurodegenerative disease risk.
- Gut microbiota-mediated immune responses can drive neurodegeneration.
- Targeting gut microbiota presents a promising avenue for managing neurodegenerative disorders.
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