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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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Information Processing Approach01:30

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
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Associated functional network development and language abilities in children.

Ting Qi1, Gesa Schaadt2, Angela D Friederici1

  • 1Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.

Neuroimage
|August 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain connectivity in young children strengthens with age, enhancing language skills. This study links brain network development, cortical growth, and improved language abilities in children aged 4-9.

Keywords:
Brain developmentLanguage developmentPrefrontal cortexResting-state functional connectivitySentence comprehensionYoung children

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • The developing brain gradually achieves adult functional architecture.
  • Understanding functional brain architecture evolution in young children is crucial but limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine functional connectivity in core language regions in relation to cortical growth and language abilities in children aged 4-9.
  • To elucidate the neural basis of language acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state functional and T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 175 children (ages 4-9).
  • Analyzed developmental changes in brain functional connectivity and cortical structure.
  • Correlated brain imaging findings with behavioral language assessments.

Main Results:

  • Increased functional connectivity strength with age was observed between the left inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis) and left temporoparietal regions (cohen's d = 0.54).
  • Stronger functional connectivity in bilateral prefrontal and temporoparietal regions correlated with better language abilities, irrespective of age.
  • Enhanced connectivity in the left inferior frontal-temporoparietal network was associated with larger surface area and thinner cortical thickness, both linked to superior language skills.

Conclusions:

  • Functional and structural brain indices, combined with behavioral measures, reveal associations between language network development, language ability, and cortical growth.
  • This study enhances understanding of the neural underpinnings of language acquisition in early childhood.