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Recurrent short interpregnancy interval: Maternal and neonatal outcomes
Ari Weiss1, Hen Y Sela1, Reut Rotem1
1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Affiliated with the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Summary
Recurrent short interpregnancy intervals (IPI) increase risks for maternal anemia and small for gestational age neonates. Prolonging IPI is advised to mitigate these adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- Short interpregnancy intervals (IPI) are linked to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- The impact of *recurrent* short IPI across multiple pregnancies requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with recurrent short interpregnancy intervals (IPI) in women undergoing their third delivery.
- To compare outcomes between women with recurrent short IPI, recurrent optimal IPI, and single short IPI followed by optimal IPI.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective database study of 10,569 women with three consecutive deliveries (1999-2019).
- Comparison of maternal-neonatal outcomes based on IPI categories: recurrent short (<6 months), recurrent optimal (18-48 months), and single short followed by optimal.
- Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Main Results:
- Recurrent short IPI (3.2% of cohort) was associated with significantly higher risks of maternal anemia (aOR 3.4) and small for gestational age neonates (aOR 10.4) compared to recurrent optimal IPI.
- Women with recurrent short IPI also showed higher rates of low birth weight and anemia, and lower rates of operative vaginal delivery compared to those with a single short IPI followed by optimal IPI.
- In recurrent short IPI groups, the third delivery had higher rates of in-labor cesarean delivery and anemia compared to the second delivery.
Conclusions:
- Recurrent short interpregnancy intervals are significantly associated with increased maternal anemia and the delivery of small for gestational age neonates.
- Healthcare providers should counsel patients on the risks of recurrent short IPI and encourage longer intervals between pregnancies.
- Findings emphasize the importance of optimizing IPI for improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
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