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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Longer Work Shifts, Faster Forward Rotation-More Sleep and More Alert in Aircraft Inspection.

Tarja Hakola1, Paula Niemelä2, Sari Rönnberg2

  • 1Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Työterveyslaitos, Finland.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|August 7, 2021
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A new fast forward rotating shift schedule for aircraft inspectors improved sleep duration and quality, reduced sleepiness, and enhanced alertness and work ability. This shift system may benefit older inspectors

Keywords:
ageaviationstressvigilanceworking hours

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Shift work schedules significantly impact worker well-being and performance.
  • Optimizing shift schedules is crucial for industries with critical safety demands, such as aviation.
  • Previous research indicates forward-rotating shifts are generally preferred over backward-rotating ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare sleep, alertness, and work ability in aircraft inspectors under two distinct shift schedules.
  • To evaluate the impact of a fast forward-rotating 10-hour shift system versus a traditional forward-rotating schedule.

Main Methods:

  • Intervention study comparing two shift schedules: traditional forward-rotating (MMM--EEE--NNN---) and fast forward-rotating (MEN--).
  • Data collected at baseline and follow-up (5-12 months) from aircraft inspectors (n=23).
  • Surveys assessed sleep quantity/quality, sleepiness, alertness, stress, work ability, and schedule satisfaction.

Main Results:

  • The new fast forward-rotating schedule resulted in longer sleep duration and reduced sleep loss.
  • Shift-specific severe sleepiness decreased, and alertness improved during shifts.
  • Perceived stress was lower, work ability improved, and satisfaction with the shift system increased compared to baseline.

Conclusions:

  • A quickly forward-rotating shift system with 10-hour shifts can be beneficial for aircraft inspectors.
  • Improvements observed include increased sleep length, enhanced alertness, and better overall well-being.
  • Older aircraft inspectors may particularly benefit from this optimized shift schedule.