Chronological Age Affects MSC Senescence In Vitro-A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Cellular Biology
• Gerontology

Background:

• Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are crucial for regenerative medicine due to self-renewal and differentiation.
• MSC properties diminish with age, necessitating research for therapies in an aging population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the impact of chronological donor age on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) senescence.
• To identify molecular pathways affected by aging in MSCs.

Main Methods:

• A PRISMA systematic review was conducted.
• Searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Medline databases.
• Included nine studies meeting specific inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Main Results:

• Increased expression of p21, p53, p16, ROS, and NF-κB in MSCs from older donors.
• Evidence of activated DNA damage response (DDR), stress, and inflammation.
• Decreased proliferative markers (Ki67, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin) and increased SA-β-galactosidase in aged MSCs.

Conclusions:

• Chronological age is associated with increased MSC senescence.
• Activated DDR, stress, and inflammation contribute to age-related MSC dysfunction.
• Further research is needed to define age thresholds and explore interventions to reverse MSC aging.