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Optically Active TiO2:Er Thin Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering.

Anna Kot1, Marta Radecka1, Dominik Dorosz1

  • 1Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.

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|August 7, 2021
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Summary

Erbium-doped titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin films were developed for enhanced solar energy applications. These films exhibit unique optical properties, including near-infrared to visible up-conversion, for improved hydrogen generation efficiency.

Keywords:
erbium ionshydrogen generation by water splittingphotoanode materialsphotoluminescencethin filmstitanium dioxideup-conversion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) photoanodes for hydrogen generation have limited solar-to-chemical efficiency due to poor solar spectrum absorption.
  • Optically active materials are crucial for improving the efficiency of solar energy conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of erbium-doped TiO₂ (TiO₂:Er) thin films for enhanced photoanode applications.
  • To address the mismatch between TiO₂ optical absorption and the solar spectrum for improved hydrogen generation.

Main Methods:

  • TiO₂:Er thin films were fabricated using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions.
  • Characterization included analysis of morphology, structural, optical, and electronic properties.

Main Results:

  • Homogeneous TiO₂:Er thin films with uniform Er ion distribution and high visible light transparency were obtained.
  • A significant 0.4 eV blue shift in the absorption edge was observed, attributed to amorphization or Er₂Ti₂O₇ nanocrystal precipitation.
  • Demonstrated near-infrared (NIR) to visible (VIS) up-conversion upon 980 nm excitation and strong green photoluminescence upon 488 nm excitation.

Conclusions:

  • Erbium doping modifies the optical properties of TiO₂ thin films, potentially enhancing their performance in solar energy applications.
  • The observed up-conversion and photoluminescence properties suggest potential for improved light harvesting and hydrogen generation.