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Updated: Oct 25, 2025

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MC1R Functions, Expression, and Implications for Targeted Therapy.

Stefania Guida1, Gabriella Guida2, Colin Ronald Goding3

  • 1Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|August 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) influences skin pigmentation and DNA repair. Unbiased analysis indicates MC1R is primarily expressed in melanocytes, granulocytes, and the brain, not widely throughout the body.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is crucial for human skin pigmentation and is linked to red hair and melanoma risk.
  • MC1R also plays a role in repairing UV-induced DNA damage, sparking therapeutic interest.
  • Debate exists regarding the expression pattern of MC1R beyond melanocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the function of MC1R.
  • To clarify the expression pattern of MC1R using unbiased analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of MC1R function.
  • Analysis of unbiased data to determine MC1R expression sites.

Main Results:

  • MC1R is pivotal in skin pigmentation and DNA repair.
  • Unbiased analysis suggests MC1R expression is limited to melanocytes, granulocytes, and the brain.
  • Evidence does not support widespread MC1R expression.

Conclusions:

  • MC1R's primary roles are in pigmentation and DNA repair.
  • MC1R expression appears restricted to specific cell types and tissues.
  • Further research into MC1R's targeted therapeutic potential is warranted based on its specific expression profile.