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Updated: Oct 25, 2025

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A Zwitterionic Polyurethane Nanoporous Device with Low Foreign-Body Response for Islet Encapsulation.

Qingsheng Liu1, Xi Wang1, Alan Chiu1

  • 1Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Zwitterionic polyurethane (ZPU) devices offer a promising solution for type 1 diabetes treatment by safely encapsulating insulin-producing cells. These fouling-resistant devices demonstrate reduced foreign-body response and effective diabetes correction in animal models.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Cell encapsulation is a key strategy for type 1 diabetes treatment.
  • Current encapsulation devices face challenges with safety, foreign-body response, and mass transfer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel zwitterionic polyurethane (ZPU) encapsulation devices.
  • To evaluate the safety, functionality, and therapeutic potential of ZPU devices for cell encapsulation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of ZPU encapsulation devices with tunable nanoporous structures via electrospinning.
  • Assessment of device properties including hydrophilicity, fouling resistance, mechanical strength, cell containment, and mass transfer.
  • In vivo evaluation of foreign-body response and therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of type 1 diabetes.
Keywords:
biocompatibilityislet encapsulationnanofibrous deviceszwitterionic polyurethane

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  • Demonstration of scalability and retrievability in large animal models (pigs and dogs).

    • Main Results:

    • ZPU devices exhibited robust mechanical properties, prevented cell escape, and allowed efficient mass transfer.
    • ZPU devices showed significantly reduced foreign-body response and cellular overgrowth compared to non-zwitterionic controls in mice.
    • Successful islet encapsulation and diabetes correction in mice for approximately 3 months.
    • Proof-of-concept for scalability and retrievability in pigs and dogs.

    Conclusions:

    • Zwitterionic polyurethanes are effective materials for creating advanced cell encapsulation devices.
    • ZPU devices overcome key limitations of current technologies, offering improved biocompatibility and functionality.
    • These findings position ZPU devices as highly promising candidates for cell encapsulation therapies, particularly for type 1 diabetes treatment.