Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
06:04

Upper-extremity Approach for Secondary Access in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Published on: August 8, 2025

276

Bloodstream infections in patients with transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Khawaja M Talha1, Jack W McHugh2, Daniel C DeSimone3

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
|August 7, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Bloodstream infections (BSI) are alarmingly common after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Many BSIs lead to infective endocarditis, highlighting the need to study risk factors in TAVR patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a growing procedure for aortic stenosis.
  • Understanding post-procedural complications like bloodstream infections (BSI) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and identify risk factors for bloodstream infections (BSI) in patients who have undergone transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study was conducted in southeastern Minnesota.
  • Data were collected from adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent TAVR between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, using the expanded Rochester Epidemiology Project (e-REP).

Main Results:

  • The incidence of BSI post-TAVR was 1300 episodes per 100,000 person-years.
  • The median time to BSI was 610 days, with 84% being community-acquired.
  • Forty percent of BSI cases progressed to infective endocarditis (IE), with Viridans group streptococci (VGS) being the most common pathogen (80% of VGS BSI cases had IE).

Conclusions:

  • The high incidence of BSI in TAVR patients is concerning, likely linked to advanced age and comorbidities.
  • The significant rate of IE developing from BSI warrants further investigation into modifiable risk factors.
Keywords:
bloodstream infectionsincidenceinfective endocarditispopulation-basedtranscatheter aortic valve replacement

More Related Videos

Improved Registration of 3D CT Angiography with X-ray Fluoroscopy for Image Fusion During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation06:59

Improved Registration of 3D CT Angiography with X-ray Fluoroscopy for Image Fusion During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Published on: June 3, 2018

10.8K
Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots12:17

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

11.5K

Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
95
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
57
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
88
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
86
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
60
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
87