Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

1.1K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
1.1K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

5.9K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
5.9K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.8K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
3.8K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

5.1K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
5.1K
Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

4.8K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
4.8K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

3.0K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prevalence and patterns of use of dietary supplements and OTC medications for mood improvement and stress relief among adults in Poland.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Perceived stress and pandemic-associated risk factors in high-risk alcohol consumers during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Health psychology report·2025
Same author

Underreporting of Adverse Events Following COVID-19 Vaccination Among Healthcare Professionals in Poland: Potential Implications for Vaccine Hesitancy.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease·2025
Same author

Nicotine Misuse and Treatment of Schizophrenia Exacerbations in Men: An Observational Study in Poland.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Should an Anesthesiologist Be Interested in the Patient's Personality? Relationship Between Personality Traits and Preoperative Anesthesia Scales of Patients Enrolled for a Hip Replacement Surgery.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same author

Selective recognition and sensing of biologically important phosphates using triptycene-based anion receptors.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

565

Cognitive functions and thyroid hormones secretion disorders.

Mateusz Przybylak1, Jakub Grabowski1, Leszek Bidzan1

  • 1Klinika Psychiatrii Rozwojowej, Zaburzeń Psychotycznych i Wieku Podeszłego Wydział Lekarski, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny.

Psychiatria Polska
|August 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction, even subclinical, may impact cognitive function and dementia risk. However, research on thyroid hormones

Keywords:
dementiasubclinical hypothyroidismthyrotropin

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.0K
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

565
Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.0K
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Thyroid gland function is crucial for central nervous system (CNS) development and activity.
  • Clinical thyroid dysfunction is linked to mental disorders and cognitive impairment.
  • Thyroid hormones affect neurotransmission, oxidative stress, and brain metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complex relationship between thyroid function and cognitive processes.
  • To investigate the potential role of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in cognitive decline and dementia.
  • To review the evidence on thyroid hormone supplementation for cognitive enhancement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on thyroid dysfunction and cognitive function.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the impact of thyroid hormones on CNS mechanisms.
  • Consideration of methodological challenges in current research.

Main Results:

  • Abnormal thyroid hormone levels can negatively affect cognitive functions.
  • Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is hypothesized to contribute to neurodegeneration and dementia.
  • Studies on hormonal supplementation yield contradictory results due to methodological issues.
  • A potential reverse correlation exists where neurodegeneration impacts thyroid function.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between thyroid function and cognitive health is intricate and not fully understood.
  • Further well-designed research is needed to clarify the role of thyroid dysfunction in cognitive impairment and dementia.
  • Understanding this link may offer new therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.