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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

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Coral environmental memory: causes, mechanisms, and consequences for future reefs.

Serena Hackerott1, Harmony A Martell2, Jose M Eirin-Lopez1

  • 1Environmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Environment, Biological Sciences Department, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, 33181, USA.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|August 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Corals can remember environmental stress, improving their resilience for years. This "environmental memory" in corals offers new conservation strategies for climate change adaptation.

Keywords:
coral resilienceenvironmental epigeneticsphenotypic plasticityreef conservationstress hardeningtranscriptional memory

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Ecology
  • Climate Change Science

Background:

  • Corals exhibit environmental memory, enhancing stress tolerance for years.
  • This phenomenon varies by coral species and stressor type.
  • Mechanisms involve coral-host and microbiome interactions, but are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate coral environmental memory mechanisms.
  • Explore epigenetic modifications and transcriptional regulation.
  • Evaluate memory's potential to boost coral resilience under climate change.

Main Methods:

  • Review existing evidence of coral environmental memory.
  • Integrate findings on stress tolerance and memory persistence.
  • Suggest future research using molecular technologies.

Main Results:

  • Coral environmental memory is dose-dependent and can last multiple years.
  • Primed corals show altered responses to subsequent stress.
  • Mechanisms likely involve host-microbiome interplay.

Conclusions:

  • Coral environmental memory is a key factor in reef resilience.
  • Further research into epigenetic mechanisms is crucial.
  • Harnessing environmental memory could aid coral conservation efforts.