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A Deep Learning-Based Approach to Video-Based Eye Tracking for Human Psychophysics.

Niklas Zdarsky1, Stefan Treue1,2,3,4, Moein Esghaei1

  • 1Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.

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|August 9, 2021
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Summary

This study presents a low-cost, deep learning eye-tracking method using web cameras. The approach accurately estimates gaze location, making advanced eye-tracking accessible for research and neuromarketing.

Keywords:
DeepLabCutartificial intelligencedeep learningeye trackinggaze trackinghuman psychophysics

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Real-time gaze tracking is vital for psychophysics and neuromarketing.
  • Current eye-tracking systems are often prohibitively expensive due to specialized hardware.
  • There is a need for cost-effective and accessible eye-tracking solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a deep learning-based eye-tracking system using affordable web cameras.
  • To leverage facial landmarks for accurate gaze point estimation.
  • To reduce the cost barrier for advanced eye-tracking applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DeepLabCut (DLC), an open-source toolbox, for facial landmark extraction from video frames.
  • Employed a shallow neural network to estimate the point of gaze on a computer screen.
  • Tested the system's accuracy with three distinct extreme head poses.

Main Results:

  • The deep learning model successfully identified critical facial landmarks for gaze estimation.
  • The system achieved a median error of approximately one degree of visual angle.
  • The approach demonstrated effectiveness even with challenging head poses.

Conclusions:

  • This research introduces a viable, low-cost deep learning eye-tracking alternative.
  • The findings support the integration of deep learning in developing accessible psychophysics and neuromarketing tools.
  • This work provides a foundation for future research in affordable eye-tracking technologies.