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Exploring Phytochemicals for Combating Antibiotic Resistance in Microbial Pathogens.

Tushar Khare1,2, Uttpal Anand3, Abhijit Dey4

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Pune, India.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|August 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Plant-derived compounds called phytochemicals show promise in fighting antibiotic resistance. These natural compounds can inhibit multidrug-resistant pathogens, offering hope against the growing threat of antimicrobial drug resistance.

Keywords:
antibioticsantimicrobialdrug resistance reversal agentsefflux pumpsmedicinal plantsmultidrug resistancephytomolecules

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance (microbial drug resistance) poses a global health threat, driven by injudicious antibiotic use.
  • Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains reduce the efficacy of current drugs, leading to prolonged illness and increased healthcare costs.
  • The declining pipeline of new antibiotics exacerbates the challenge of treating resistant infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on phytochemicals as a strategy against antibiotic resistance.
  • To highlight the potential of plant-derived compounds in combating MDR pathogens.
  • To discuss challenges and future prospects for applying phytochemicals in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on plant secondary metabolites against resistant microbes.
  • Analysis of phytochemical classes (alkaloids, phenols, coumarins, terpenes) and their mechanisms of action.
  • Examination of phytochemical effects on resistance determinants like biofilms and efflux pumps.

Main Results:

  • Various phytochemicals demonstrate inhibitory activity against drug-resistant pathogens.
  • Phytochemicals target key mechanisms of microbial drug resistance, including membrane proteins, biofilms, and efflux pumps.
  • Encouraging trends show potential for phytochemicals to combat MDR strains, though translational success needs improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Phytochemicals represent a promising avenue for developing novel therapies against antibiotic-resistant infections.
  • Further research and improved translational strategies are needed to fully harness the potential of plant-derived compounds.
  • Plant secondary metabolites offer a viable approach to address the urgent need for new treatments against the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.