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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Emerging Adulthood01:27

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Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Generation of Dynamical Environmental Conditions using a High-Throughput Microfluidic Device
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Dynamic Aging: Channeled Through Microenvironment.

Qing Tan1, Na Liang1, Xiaoqian Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Aging involves more than just cellular changes; external factors like microenvironments and circulating factors also drive aging. Understanding these systemic aging mechanisms can lead to new anti-aging therapies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and cellular biology
  • Molecular mechanisms of aging
  • Systemic aging phenotypes

Background:

  • Aging is a complex process affecting cellular and organ function.
  • Research traditionally focused on intracellular aging mechanisms.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the role of extracellular factors in aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms of aging beyond the cell.
  • To discuss the role of microenvironments and circulating factors in aging.
  • To explore potential anti-aging therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of aging research.
  • Analysis of extracellular regulation in aging.
  • Discussion of senescence, secretome, NAD+ metabolism, and circulating factors.

Main Results:

  • Extracellular factors like senescence secretome and NAD+ metabolism influence aging.
  • Inter-tissue communication and microenvironmental changes promote systemic aging.
  • Circulating factors transmit aging signals between cells and tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Aging is regulated by both intracellular and extracellular mechanisms.
  • Targeting extracellular aging pathways offers therapeutic potential.
  • Further research into systemic aging can inform anti-aging interventions.