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Constructing and Validating Students' Psychological Contract Violation Scale.

Yariv Itzkovich1

  • 1Human Resource Management Department, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Kinneret College on the Sea of Galilee, Zemach, Israel.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new scale to measure student psychological contract violations due to faculty incivility. Validated through a mixed-methods approach, it addresses a gap in higher education research.

Keywords:
expectationshigher educationincivilitypsychological contractpsychological contract violation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Higher Education Studies
  • Organizational Behavior

Background:

  • Psychological contracts are extensively researched in organizational settings, focusing on employee attitudes and behaviors.
  • The role and nature of psychological contracts among students in higher education remain under-explored.
  • Faculty incivility presents a unique context for examining student psychological contract violations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct and validate a novel scale for measuring perceived psychological contract violations among higher education students.
  • To investigate the specific context of faculty incivility in relation to student expectations.
  • To address the gap in research concerning student psychological contracts.

Main Methods:

  • A three-phase mixed-method approach was employed.
  • Phase 1: Qualitative analysis of 78 college students' perceived entitlements to identify 37 psychological contract elements.
  • Phase 2 & 3: Quantitative validation using samples of 244 and 154 undergraduate students to assess violated expectations and expectation fulfillment, including discriminant and convergent validity measures related to faculty incivility and interaction quality.

Main Results:

  • A validated scale for measuring students' psychological contract violations was developed.
  • The study identified specific student entitlements and expectations within the higher education context.
  • Evidence was found supporting the scale's convergent and discriminant validity in relation to faculty incivility and interaction quality.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scale offers a robust tool for assessing psychological contract violations in higher education.
  • Understanding student psychological contracts and their violations is crucial, particularly concerning faculty behavior.
  • This research highlights the impact of faculty incivility on student perceptions and the need for further investigation into student-faculty interactions.