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Related Concept Videos

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Exon Recombination02:32

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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Gene Expression Meta-Analysis Reveals Interferon-Induced Genes Associated With SARS Infection in Lungs.

Amber Park1, Laura K Harris1,2

  • 1Harris Interdisciplinary Research, Davenport University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology
|August 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used meta-analysis to identify key genes in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus infections. The findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for combating SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2.

Keywords:
MERS-CoVSARS-CoVSARS-CoV2coronavirusgene expressiongene set enrichment analysismeta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2, pose significant global health risks due to their pandemic potential.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of SARS infections is crucial for developing effective countermeasures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV infections through a meta-analysis of gene expression data.
  • To analyze mRNA expression patterns across different SARS-CoV strains using gene signatures.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of 37 gene signatures from human and mouse lung cultures infected with SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2.
  • Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was employed to identify enriched gene sets and leading-edge genes.
  • Development of positive and negative infectious clone SARS (icSARS) gene panels for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant gene enrichment was observed between SARS-CoV derived signatures, defining positive (233 genes) and negative (114 genes) icSARS panels.
  • Cross-species analysis revealed nine genes shared between mouse and human SARS infection signatures.
  • Five key genes (CXCL10, OAS3, OASL, IFIT3, XAF1) were consistently identified across human and mouse SARS infection signatures, irrespective of the specific SARS strain.

Conclusions:

  • The GSEA-based meta-analysis effectively identified genes associated with SARS-CoV infections, including novel candidates.
  • This approach demonstrates predictability and utility in pinpointing potential therapeutic targets for SARS infections.
  • The identified genes offer promising avenues for developing novel treatments to prevent or manage SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2.