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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Polymorphism and Aphasia after Stroke.

Nathan T Lee1, Fatimah Ahmedy1, Natiara Mohamad Hashim2

  • 1Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.

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Summary

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism may impact stroke recovery. The Met allele is linked to poorer aphasia recovery and less response to speech therapy in stroke patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally.
  • The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met gene polymorphism is studied for its role in stroke recovery.
  • The specific impact of BDNF polymorphism on post-stroke aphasia recovery remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the association between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and aphasia recovery in stroke patients.
  • To examine BDNF polymorphism characteristics, speech and language interventions, and their influence on post-stroke aphasia.
  • To synthesize findings regarding the role of BDNF gene variants in aphasia rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published between January 2000 and June 2020.
  • Keywords used included "brain derived-neurotrophic factor" and "aphasia".
  • A total of 3 eligible original articles were selected from 69 search results, all focusing on the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism.

Main Results:

  • Two of the three studies indicated that the Met allele genotype (Val66Met polymorphism) was associated with poorer aphasia recovery in both acute and chronic stroke phases.
  • Patients carrying the Val66Met polymorphism showed a diminished response to aphasia interventions.
  • These individuals also presented with more severe aphasia symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism may be a significant genetic factor influencing aphasia recovery after stroke.
  • The Met allele appears to predict a less favorable outcome in post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of BDNF genetics in speech and language recovery post-stroke.