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Bacterial co-infection in patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Nermin Kamal Saeed1, Safaa Al-Khawaja2, Jameela Alsalman2

  • 1Medical Microbiology Section, Pathology Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama 00000, Bahrain.

World Journal of Virology
|August 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Bacterial and fungal co-infections significantly increased in COVID-19 patients during the pandemic. These infections led to higher morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need for proactive management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic poses significant challenges, exacerbated by microbial co-infections.
  • Bacterial and fungal co-infections increase morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the bacterial and fungal profiles in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Bahrain.
  • To analyze the resistance patterns of isolated microorganisms.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 1380 COVID-19 patients admitted between February and October 2020.
  • Analysis of electronic patient records and microbiology laboratory data.
  • Identification of microbial profiles, acquisition sources (hospital vs. community), and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in bacterial and fungal co-infections was observed in the latter half of 2020.
  • Predominant pathogens included Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococci, Enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus), and fungi (Candida spp., Aspergillus spp.).
  • Hospital-acquired infections were prevalent (73.8%), particularly in the second study period, and associated with higher mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial and fungal co-infections in COVID-19 patients are linked to increased morbidity and mortality.
  • Minimizing the risks associated with these co-infections is crucial for patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bacterial co-infectionCOVID-19FungiHospital-acquired infectionKingdom of Bahrain

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