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Neuromuscular adaptations to training.

R J Cannon1, E Cafarelli

  • 1Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
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Resistance training may induce central adaptations, potentially improving muscle strength without increasing neural drive. This study explored central adaptation to resistance overload in voluntary versus electrically stimulated contractions.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Resistance training is known to improve muscle strength.
  • The underlying mechanisms, including potential central adaptations, are not fully understood.
  • Investigating central adaptation is crucial for optimizing training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if central adaptation occurs in response to resistance overload.
  • To compare central adaptation between voluntary and electrically stimulated muscle contractions.
  • To examine the effect of training on maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and sensory feedback.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects trained the adductor pollicis muscle via voluntary or electrically stimulated contractions (3 days/wk for 5 wk) at 80% MVC.

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  • The contralateral muscle served as an internal control.
  • Maximal EMG and MVC were measured pre- and post-training.

    • Main Results:

    • Both voluntary and stimulated training increased MVC by approximately 15%.
    • A significant 9.5% increase in MVC was observed in the untrained muscle of the voluntary group, but not the stimulated group.
    • Maximal EMG did not change, but sensory adaptation (reduced force sensation) occurred in the stimulated group.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence suggests a possible central motor adaptation to resistance overload, particularly with voluntary training.
    • This central adaptation may not be reflected in increased neural drive (EMG).
    • Central adaptation might contribute to altered force sensation following training.