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"Light modulates transcriptomic dynamics upregulating astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus: A review".

Ankesh Ahirwar1, Gurvan Meignen1, Mohd Jahir Khan2

  • 1Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied science, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India; Metabolism, Engineering of Microalgal Molecules and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molecules Santé, Molecules & Health (EA 2160), Le Mans University, IUML - FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France.

Bioresource Technology
|August 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study explores how light affects astaxanthin production in Haematococcus pluvialis. Understanding gene expression under light stress can optimize cultivation for this valuable keto food ingredient.

Keywords:
AstaxanthinBlue lightCommercial marketDifferential gene expressionHaematococcus lacustris (H. pluvialis)Keto-carotenoidRed light

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Area of Science:

  • * Biotechnology and Algal Physiology
  • * Nutritional Biochemistry

Background:

  • * Haematococcus pluvialis is a microalga known for accumulating high levels of astaxanthin, a valuable carotenoid.
  • * Astaxanthin is in high demand for keto diets and has a projected market value of $3.4 billion USD by 2027.
  • * Efficient production of astaxanthin is crucial due to its commercial significance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the influence of light (wavelength, intensity, and type) on gene expression during astaxanthin synthesis in H. pluvialis.
  • * To bridge recent transcriptomic data with previous biochemical and physiological studies on light effects.
  • * To identify new biotechnological strategies for enhancing bioastaxanthin production and reducing costs.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of recent transcriptomic analyses of H. pluvialis under varying illumination conditions.
  • * Integration of existing data on biochemical and physiological responses to light stress.
  • * Analysis of gene expression profiles related to astaxanthin biosynthesis pathways.

Main Results:

  • * Different light conditions (wavelength, intensity, monochromatic vs. polychromatic) significantly impact gene expression related to astaxanthin production.
  • * Illumination stress triggers specific transcriptomic responses in H. pluvialis.
  • * Light quality and quantity are key factors modulating astaxanthin accumulation at the genetic level.

Conclusions:

  • * Understanding light-mediated gene expression is vital for optimizing astaxanthin biosynthesis in H. pluvialis.
  • * This knowledge can guide the development of improved biotechnological processes for cost-effective astaxanthin production.
  • * Further research into light-gene interactions holds potential for enhancing the yield of this commercially important compound.