Cardiovascular Diseases of Developmental Origins: Preventive Aspects of Gut Microbiota-Targeted Therapy

Area of Science:

• Microbiome research
• Cardiovascular health
• Developmental origins of disease

Background:

• Emerging evidence links early-life gut microbiota composition to later-life cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
• Gut dysbiosis in early development is increasingly recognized as a factor in the developmental origins of CVD.
• Gut microbiota-targeted therapies are gaining importance for CVD prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review studies connecting early-life dysbiotic gut microbiota to the developmental origins of CVD.
• To summarize mechanisms linking gut microbiota to cardiovascular programming (e.g., SCFAs, TMAO, AhR, RAS).
• To overview gut microbiota-targeted interventions for preventing developmental origins of CVD based on animal studies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current studies on gut microbiota and CVD.
• Analysis of mechanistic pathways involving microbial metabolites and host systems.
• Synthesis of findings from animal models on microbiota-targeted interventions.

Main Results:

• Dysbiotic gut microbiota in early life is associated with the developmental origins of CVD.
• Key microbial metabolites (SCFAs, TMAO) and host systems (AhR, RAS) mediate gut-cardiovascular links.
• Gut microbiota-targeted reprogramming interventions show potential in animal studies for CVD prevention.

Conclusions:

• Gut microbiota-targeted therapies offer promising strategies for CVD prevention.
• Further research is needed to translate findings into clinical practice for reducing the global CVD burden.