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PVDF Fibers Modification by Nitrate Salts Doping.

Dinara Sobola1,2,3, Pavel Kaspar2, Klára Částková4,5

  • 1Academy of Sciences ČR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Žižkova 22, 616 62 Brno, Czech Republic.

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Summary

Adding specific nitrate salts to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers via electrospinning eliminated the gamma-phase. Electrical properties of these PVDF composites correlated with the cation

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Polymer composites require tailored additive incorporation for desired properties.
  • Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a versatile polymer with applications in various fields.
  • Controlling the crystalline phase of PVDF is crucial for optimizing its performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of incorporating various nitrate salts into electrospun PVDF fibers.
  • To analyze the structural, chemical, and electrical property changes induced by these additives.
  • To establish a correlation between additive properties and the resulting PVDF composite characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospinning of PVDF fibers with embedded nitrate salts (Mg(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2).
  • Characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX).
  • Thermal analysis via Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
  • Surface and chemical analysis using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy.
  • Electrical property measurements.

Main Results:

  • Additive incorporation influenced structural, chemical, and electrical properties of PVDF fibers.
  • A correlation was observed between additive properties (electronegativity, molecular mass) and material response.
  • Addition of Mg(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2, and Zn(NO3)2 effectively eliminated the gamma-phase in PVDF.
  • Electrical properties demonstrated a clear trend related to the electronegativity of the nitrate salt cation.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrate salt inclusion offers a novel method for controlling the crystalline phase of PVDF composites.
  • The study provides insights into structure-property relationships in PVDF-nitrate salt systems.
  • Findings open new avenues for designing advanced PVDF-based materials with tailored functionalities.