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Nanozymes-Hitting the Biosensing "Target".

Yingfen Wu1, Diane C Darland2, Julia Xiaojun Zhao1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Nanozymes, artificial enzymes with nanometer dimensions, offer robust catalytic activity and tunable properties. This review explores their mechanisms and biosensing applications, highlighting future research directions.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanozymes are artificial enzymes with nanoscale dimensions, offering advantages like low cost, high stability, and tunable properties.
  • Composed of various nanomaterials (nanoparticles, nanotubes, MOFs), they mimic natural enzyme functions.
  • Key classes include peroxidase-like, oxidase-like, and antioxidant nanozymes, each catalyzing specific reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the catalytic mechanisms of nanozymes.
  • To explore the diverse applications of nanozymes in biosensing.
  • To identify future research directions in the field of nanozymes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on nanozyme catalytic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of nanozyme applications in biosensor development.
Keywords:
biosensingcatalytic activitynanozyme

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  • Synthesis and characterization of various nanozyme types.

    • Main Results:

    • Nanozymes exhibit excellent catalytic activities and operational robustness.
    • Nanozyme-based biosensors effectively detect ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, and cancer cells.
    • Surface modifications enhance nanozyme catalytic efficiency and application scope.

    Conclusions:

    • Nanozymes represent a promising class of artificial catalysts with broad applicability.
    • Their application in biosensing is rapidly expanding, offering sensitive and selective detection methods.
    • Further research into catalytic mechanisms and novel applications will drive the field forward.