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Related Concept Videos

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Isolation and Enrichment of Human Adipose-derived Stromal Cells for Enhanced Osteogenesis
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Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: Impact on Bone and Osseointegration.

Shalinie King1, Iven Klineberg2, Tara C Brennan-Speranza3

  • 1Sydney Dental School and Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. shalinie.king@sydney.edu.au.

Calcified Tissue International
|August 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Adipose tissue dysfunction in metabolic diseases disrupts bone metabolism and impairs implant osseointegration. This occurs before high blood sugar, impacting bone cell function and increasing inflammation.

Keywords:
AdipokinesAdipose tissue dysfunctionBoneInsulin resistanceOsseointegrationPro-inflammatory cytokines

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Metabolic Disease Research
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Metabolic diseases like obesity and metabolic syndrome involve adipose tissue expansion, affecting bone metabolism.
  • Adipose tissue regulates energy metabolism through adipokine secretion, influencing systemic functions.
  • Adipose tissue dysfunction may alter bone metabolism even before hyperglycemia develops.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms linking adipose tissue dysfunction to altered bone metabolism.
  • To present evidence on how diet-induced adipose tissue expansion impacts implant osseointegration.
  • To highlight the role of adipose tissue dysmetabolism in bone cell alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of mechanisms involving adipokines, inflammation, and bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts).
  • Examination of the impact on implant osseointegration.

Main Results:

  • Adipose tissue expansion leads to dysregulated adipokine production, promoting inflammation and insulin resistance.
  • Increased pro-inflammatory adipokines enhance osteoclast activity and survival.
  • Suppressed osteoblastic genes reduce osteoblast function, compromising bone turnover and osseointegration.

Conclusions:

  • Adipose tissue dysmetabolism is a significant factor in altered bone metabolism and compromised osseointegration, independent of hyperglycemia.
  • Patients with metabolic diseases may have undiagnosed bone metabolism changes affecting implant success.
  • Early intervention targeting adipose tissue health may be crucial for successful implant treatment.