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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
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Related Experiment Video

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Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Brain controllability distinctiveness between depression and cognitive impairment.

Feng Fang1, Yunyuan Gao2, Paul E Schulz3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|August 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Brain controllability is reduced in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression. Patients with early MCI and depression showed decreased default mode network controllability, suggesting potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and depression.

Keywords:
Brain controllabilityCognitive impairmentDepressionDiffusion tensor imagingStructural network

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Systems and Control Theory
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive dementia impacting millions, often co-occurring with depression.
  • Depression is a common comorbidity in AD patients, presenting overlapping symptoms and diagnostic challenges.
  • Understanding the relationship between AD and depression is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain controllability differences between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression.
  • To explore the utility of brain controllability as a biomarker for early diagnosis and differentiating conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from 60 subjects (healthy controls, early MCI without depression, early MCI with depression, late MCI).
  • Constructed structural brain networks and characterized brain controllability.
  • Compared default mode network (DMN) controllability across subject groups.

Main Results:

  • Average DMN controllability was significantly decreased in early MCI, late MCI, and early MCI with depression groups compared to healthy controls.
  • Early MCI and late MCI groups exhibited greater DMN controllability than the early MCI with depression group.
  • The early MCI with depression group showed significantly reduced regional controllability in the superior prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus compared to healthy subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Brain controllability analysis offers a novel perspective on depressive symptoms in MCI patients.
  • Reduced DMN controllability may serve as a potential biomarker for differentiating depression in MCI and predicting AD progression.
  • Findings highlight the importance of assessing depressive symptoms in MCI for improved patient outcomes.