Ultrafast fabrication of robust electrocatalyst having Fe/Fe₃C and CuNC for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction...

The search for ultrafast and simple methods to fabricate non-noble metal catalysts to boost electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is still ongoing. Herein, we demonstrate a one-step microwave-assisted heating method to prepare copper nitride/iron/iron carbide nanoparticle hybrids (CuNC/Fe/Fe₃C/CNT). This ultrafast heating method induces plentiful carbon-wrapped metal and Fe₃C nanoparticles that are attached to the surface of CNT and scattered nanosheets. The CuNC/Fe/Fe₃C/CNT exhibit a half-wave potential (E_1/2) of 0.886 V toward the ORR in alkaline solution, with 220 mV more positive E_1/2 than that of CuNC/CNT and Fe/Fe₃C/CNT respectively. The activity of as-prepared catalysts is discussed by investigating their structures and compositions and their relationship with the ORR performance. Detailed analysis results disclose that the high activity of the CuNC/Fe/Fe₃C/CNT catalysts could be attributed to the interaction of CuNC and Fe/Fe₃C species. To be specific, as the electron donor, Fe/Fe₃C nanoparticles induce electron localization and promote the formation of Cu (δ + )-NC (0 < δ < 2), therefore leading to the improvement of the ORR performance. This work may offer an ultrafast way to construct efficient catalysts with enhanced ORR performance.