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The Gamma Gap Predicts All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Dialysis Patients

Petar J Avramovski1,2, Aleksandar Petlichkovski3, Maja Avramovska4

  • 1Docent in Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Bitola, St. Clement of Ohrid University of Bitola, North Macedonia, Bitola, North Macedonia.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|August 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The gamma gap, a measure of total serum protein minus albumin, predicts mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. It correlates with C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, and inversely with albumin.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • The gamma gap (γ-gap) is defined as total serum protein minus albumin concentration.
  • Understanding predictors of mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients (CHPs) is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the gamma gap predicts mortality in CHPs.
  • To assess the association between the gamma gap and other established mortality predictors.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 100 CHPs was studied.
  • Serum protein levels were measured using electrophoresis.
  • Correlations with C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and albumin were evaluated.
  • Cox regression analysis identified mortality predictors.

Main Results:

  • The γ-gap positively correlated with CRP (r=0.247, P=0.013) and fibrinogen (r=0.239, P=0.016).
  • A significant inverse correlation was found between γ-gap and albumin (r=-0.430, P<0.0001).
  • Cox regression revealed γ-gap (Exp(b)=1.1602, P<0.0001), CRP (Exp(b)=1.0677, P<0.0015), and albumin (Exp(b)=0.8887, P<0.0009) as independent predictors of all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The gamma gap is an independent predictor of mortality in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.
  • Gamma gap levels are directly associated with serum CRP and fibrinogen.
  • Gamma gap levels show an inverse relationship with serum albumin levels.
Abstract

Keywords:
AlbuminC-reactive proteindialysisgamma gapmortality predictors

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