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Rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis in a child with type 1 diabetes: A case report

Mohamed Masmoudi1, Mehdi Hasnaoui1, Nouha Ben Abdeljalil2

  • 1ENT Department, TaharSfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia.

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
|August 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Early diagnosis and multimodal management, including surgery and antifungal therapy, are crucial for treating rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis in children. This approach is essential for reducing mortality and achieving positive outcomes in pediatric fungal infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Mycology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a severe fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality in children.
  • Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is a predisposing factor in only 15% of pediatric ROCM cases.
  • Early diagnosis via clinical findings and biopsy is critical for effective management.

Observation:

  • A case of ROCM in a 12-year-old girl with type 1 diabetes is presented.
  • The patient's condition highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing ROCM in pediatric populations.
  • Type 1 diabetes, while a risk factor, was not the sole predisposing condition in this case.

Findings:

  • Multimodal management involving early surgical intervention (frequent endoscopic sinus debridement) and appropriate antifungal therapy is essential.
  • Aggressive surgical debridement helps control the spread of infection.
  • Timely and comprehensive treatment is key to achieving a favorable outcome.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of a prompt and aggressive treatment strategy for pediatric ROCM.
  • Early surgical intervention combined with antifungal therapy can significantly improve patient outcomes.
  • Further research into risk factors and optimal management protocols for pediatric ROCM is warranted.
Keywords:
Mucormycosisantifungal medicinechildrensurgerytype 1 diabetes

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